International Instruments
Vulnerable groups such as African descent have universal
protection mechanisms, and are protected mainly by the
following international instruments to combat racism and
racial discrimination:
1945,
United Nations Charter
1948,
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1948,
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the
Crime of Genocide
1951,
Equal Remuneration Convention (Convention No. 100)
1957,
Convention concerning Indigenous and Tribal
Peoples. (ILO Convention No. 107)
1958,
Convention concerning Discrimination in Respect of
Employment and Occupation (ILO Convention No. 111)
1960,
Convention on the fight against discrimination in
education
1962,
Protocol instituting a Conciliation and Good Offices
Commission to resolve disputes that may arise in the
Convention on the fight against discrimination in education
1963,
United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All
Forms of Racial Discrimination, proclaimed by the General
Assembly of the United Nations on November 20, 1963,
resolution 1904 (XVIII)
1965,
International Convention on the Elimination of All
Forms of Racial Discrimination. Adopted and opened for
signature and ratification by General Assembly resolution
2106(XX) of December 21, 1965
1966,
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
1966,
International Covenant on Economic, Social and
Cultural Rights
1967,
Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination
against Women
1973,
International Convention on the Suppression and
Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid
1978 ,
Declaration on Race and Racial Prejudice
1978,
Declaration on Fundamental Principles concerning the
Contribution of Mass Media to Strengthening Peace and
International Understanding, to the promotion of human
rights and the fight against racism, apartheid and
incitement to war
1979,
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of
Discrimination against Women
1981,
Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of
Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or
Belief
1985,
International Convention against Apartheid in Sports
1989,
Convention on the Rights of the Child
1989,
Convention concerning indigenous and Tribal People (ILO
Convention No. 169)
1990,
International Convention on the Protection of the
Rights of All Migrant Workers and their Families, resolution
45/158 of December 18, 1990
1992,
Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to
National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic
1993,
Declaration and Program of Action adopted by the Vienna
World Conference on Human Rights in June 1993
1995,
Principles on Tolerance UNESCO
1999,
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination
of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
2000,
Millennium Declaration
2001,
Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity of UNESCO
2001,
Declaration and Program of Action adopted by the Third
World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination,
Xenophobia and Related Intolerance
2004,
Resolution adopted by the General Assembly
(A/RES/58/160) - March 2, 2004
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