Grants and extensions

Resolution No. 13/25( EXTENSION AND FOLLOW-UP )
PM 1581-18 - Jorge David Glas Espinel, Ecuador

On February 10, 2025, the IACHR adopted Follow-up and Extension Resolution 13/2025 in relation to the situation of Jorge Glas in Ecuador. After carrying out a follow-up visit to the beneficiary's situation in November 2024 in Ecuador, the IACHR considered that Jorge Glas's risk continues, after his detention in April 2024. It warned that his mental health is going through a state of special gravity, despite the medical care provided by the State in 2024, and that both his detention conditions and the events of violence that have occurred in the prison where he is currently, in addition to the detention conditions, are allegedly impacting the deterioration of the mental health of the beneficiary, and could impact his physical integrity. Having analyzed the submissions of fact and law, in accordance with Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, the Commission concluded that the situation of Mr. Jorge David Glas Espinel in Ecuador remains in force and decided:

  1. Continue to follow up on the situation of Jorge David Glas Espinel.
  2. In light of the assessments made in this resolution, extend the scope of the precautionary measures in force to include the beneficiary’s right to health. Consequently, the State of Ecuador is requested to adopt the necessary measures to protect the rights to life, personal integrity, and health of Jorge David Glas Espinel. In particular, assessing and implementing those most appropriate to his personal circumstances, and that allow for the creation of conditions that ensure and respect his rights, and compliance with the extension of the precautionary measure. This must include, at least, that the State:
    1. To maintain the continuous operation of the independent Technical Table that will have the following functions: 1. to be an instance of dialogue that allows reaching scientific medical consensus in case of discrepancies; and 2. to resolve any medical discrepancies that may arise between the trusted doctors of the beneficiary of the precautionary measure and the doctors in charge of the treatment of Mr. Jorge David Glas Espinel.
    2. In light of the available medical documentation, to carry out a complete medical evaluation immediately in a hospital center, and to draw up a protocol that, without endangering the life or personal integrity of the beneficiary, establishes the appropriate protocol for admission and discharge to a hospital center each time it is necessary to carry out hospital treatment that cannot be provided in the detention center or to attend a physical or mental health emergency of Mr. Jorge David Glas Espinel.
  3. Following the medical evaluation and the recommended treatment, the State must act with absolute diligence and take into account the scientific evaluations of the Technical Table and ensure that the conditions of detention, whether they occur in a detention center or in a hospital center if the beneficiary is receiving hospital treatment, must be compatible with the applicable international standards in the matter, including:
    1. Mr. Jorge David Glas Espinel is immediately transferred to a detention center other than the Guayas No. 3 Detention Center (CPL).
    2. That the new detention center has at least the following characteristics and conditions of detention:
      • An adapted cell without objects that can be used for self-injury.
      • Illuminated, ventilated, clean and not overcrowded spaces, with access to basic services.
      • Trained personnel with specialized training in mental health, suicide risk detection and psychological first aid.
      • Avoid conditions of extreme isolation, allowing safe social interactions.
      • Access to support networks, family visits, contact with lawyers and religious assistance if desired. All in private spaces.
      • Allow for the access to independent monitoring mechanisms and accredited and specialized external institutional organizations to monitor detention conditions.
      • Keep logs of the actions taken for the protection of the beneficiary, which are accessible and transparent.
      • Ensure clear intervention protocols to respond to emergencies in situations presenting a risk to the life and integrity, and care for people with suicidal intentions and/or attempts.
      • Ensure the timely and regular flow of medical information from the beneficiary and visits and participation of the beneficiary’s trusted doctors.
      • Guarantee specific treatments for Mr. Jorge David Glas Espinel including therapies and medication. In case of discrepancy of opinion on the part of the beneficiary’s trusted physicians, such discrepancies shall be known and resolved by the Independent Technical Table.
      • Access to the care of psychologists, psychiatrists and social workers who must be available in order to be able to comply with the medical treatment prescribed.
      • Constant monitoring through uninterrupted supervision by trained personnel, which must be documented in a transparent recording mechanism.
  4. Consult and agree upon the measures to be adopted with the beneficiary and his representatives, in accordance with the assessments and scope delimited in this resolution. In particular, strengthen the existing internal consultation mechanisms, taking into account the assessments and scope delimited in this resolution; and
  5. Report on the actions taken to investigate the facts that gave rise to the adoption and continuity of this precautionary measure, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring. In particular, send the IACHR periodic information on the status of the investigation into the claims of ill-treatment and torture made in the context of this matter.

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Resolution No. 12/25
PM 1350-24 - Edwin Edgardo Lainez Ordoñez, Honduras

On February 2, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures to Edwin Edgardo Lainez Ordoñez, whose whereabouts have remained unknown in the city of Tegucigalpa since November 13, 2024. As background, in August 2023, the beneficiary was approached by a group of individuals identified as members of a criminal organization who threatened him and demanded the payment of one million lempiras. The requesting party warned that the kidnapping could be linked to the same individuals who had previously extorted him. The Honduran State informed that the Police Directorate Against Maras, Gangs, and Organized Crime (DIPAMPCO) received a complaint from Lainez’s father for alleged disappearance and deprivation of liberty. In addition, the Police Directorate of Investigations (DPI) reported having carried out different investigative actions, such as search rounds to collect information and identify security cameras, among others.

The Commission appreciated the fact that the State has taken investigative actions and that it has expressed its commitment to continue developing measures to locate him. However, it noted that despite the time that has elapsed and the complaints filed, there is no official information regarding the place and conditions in which Edwin Edgardo Lainez Ordoñez is. Similarly, the latest communication from the State does not indicate any progress or results in the investigations carried out by the competent authorities. After analyzing the available information, the IACHR, in accordance with Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, requested that Honduras

  1. adopt the necessary measures to determine the whereabouts or fate of Edwin Edgardo Lainez Ordoñez, in order to protect his rights to life and personal integrity;
  2. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged events that led to the adoption of this precautionary measure, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring; and
  3. ensure that the family of Mr. Lainez Ordoñez is kept duly informed of the measures adopted and the progress of the investigation.

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Resolution No. 10/25
PM 27-25 - Jesús Gabriel Useche Moncada, Venezuela

On January 30, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of Jesús Gabriel Useche Moncada, after considering that he is in a serious and urgent situation since his rights to life and personal integrity face a risk of irreparable harm in Venezuela. According to the request, the 19 year-old beneficiary, who has an intellectual disability, was detained on January 9, 2025, during the demonstrations in Venezuela. To date, he remains isolated and incommunicado, with no information on the conditions of his detention or his current state of health. For its part, the State did not provide information to the IACHR. Under these circumstances, based on Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested that Venezuela:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to protect the rights to life, personal integrity, and health of Jesús Gabriel Useche Moncada;
  2. promote the necessary measures to ensure that the conditions of detention of the beneficiary are compatible with the applicable international standards on the matter, particularly taking into account his disability, inter alia:
    1. guarantee regular contact with and access to his family members, trusted lawyers, and representatives;
    2. provide official information about the legal situation of the beneficiary in the framework of the criminal proceedings in which he is allegedly involved, such as the reasons for which he has not been released to date, and whether he has been brought before a court for the review of his detention;
    3. immediately carry out a medical assessment of his health situation and guarantee access to necessary medical care;
  3. consult and agree upon the measures to be implemented with the beneficiary and his representatives; and
  4. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to this resolution, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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Resolution No. 9/25
PM 393-24 - Luis Wilber Aguilar Bravo Rivera and his family, Cuba

On January 30, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of Luis Wilber Aguilar Bravo Rivera and his family, upon considering that he is at serious and urgent risk of irreparable harm to his rights in Cuba. According to the request, the beneficiary is the father of Walnier Luis Aguilar Rivera, a person with a disability who is deprived of liberty and a beneficiary of precautionary measures. Since his son's detention, the beneficiary has been protesting and filing complaints regarding human rights violations against political prisoners in Cuba. Due to this, since 2022, the beneficiary has been subjected to constant surveillance by state agents. He has also been subjected to repeated detentions, during which there have been reports of episodes of isolation from his family, inadequate detention conditions, such as lack of access to water and food, and repeated threats by state agents. The frequency and incidence of events intensified from 2024, including restrictions on freedom of movement and freedom of expression. Consequently, under the terms of Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, it requested that Cuba:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries;
  2. implement the necessary measures to enable them to carry out their human rights activities without being subjected to threats, harassment, or acts of violence;
  3. consult and agree upon the measures to be adopted with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and
  4. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to this resolution, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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Resolution No. 8/25
PM 25-25, 26-25 - Víctor Manuel Borjas Albornoz and Manuel Alejandro Muñoz Camacho, Venezuela

On January 26, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of Víctor Manuel Borjas Albornoz and Manuel Alejandro Muñoz Camacho, after considering that they are in a serious and urgent situation presenting a risk of irreparable harm to their rights in Venezuela. It was alleged that the beneficiaries are political and human rights activists in Venezuela. On January 9, 2025, they were detained by State security authorities during nationwide protests. Since their detentions, their whereabouts have not been known nor have they had contact with their relatives and/or legal representatives. The Commission also assessed that the State did not provide any information regarding the measures adopted to mitigate the beneficiaries’ risk or regarding the actions taken to determine their location. Pursuant to Article 25 of the Rules of Procedure, the Commission requests that Venezuela:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to safeguard the rights to life and personal integrity of Víctor Manuel Borjas Albornoz and Manuel Alejandro Muñoz Camacho. In particular, officially report whether they are in the custody of the State and the circumstances of their detention; or, the measures taken to determine their respective whereabouts or fate;
  2. establish the necessary measures to ensure that the beneficiaries’ detention conditions are compatible with the applicable international standards on the matter, including:
    1. guaranteeing regular contact with and access to their family members, lawyers, and representatives; and
    2. officially report on their legal situation in the framework of the criminal process in which they are said to be involved, as well as the reasons why they have not been released to date, and whether they have been presented to a court for review of their detention;
  3. consult and agree upon the measures to be adopted with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and
  4. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that led to this resolution, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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Resolution No. 7/25
PM 205-24 - Carlos Julio Rojas, Venezuela

On January 20, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of journalist and social activist Carlos Julio Rojas, upon considering that he is at serious and urgent risk of irreparable harm to his rights in Venezuela. On April 15, 2024, he was detained by Venezuelan security forces. Since his deprivation of liberty, he has not been allowed access to a trusted lawyer and has not had contact with his relatives since July 28, 2024. It was reported that the beneficiary allegedly suffers from diseases and there is no official information on his detention or health conditions. For its part, the State did not provide information to the IACHR. Under these circumstances, based on Article 25 of the Rules of Procedure, the Commission requests that Venezuela:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to protect the rights to life, personal integrity, and health of Carlos Julio Rojas, in accordance with the applicable international standards;
  2. implement the necessary measures to ensure that his detention conditions are compatible with the applicable international standards on the matter, in particular:
    1. guarantee regular contact with and access to his family members, lawyers, and representatives; ii) provide official information on the legal situation of the beneficiary in the framework of the criminal process in which he is said to be involved; iii. immediately carry out a medical evaluation of his health and guarantee access to the necessary medical care;
  3. consult and agree upon the measures to be adopted with the beneficiary and his representatives; and
  4. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that led to this resolution, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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Resolution No. 6/25
PM 1271-24 - Gustavo de los Reyes Ruiz, his wife, and son, Venezuela

On January 20, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of Gustavo de los Reyes Ruiz, his wife, and son, after considering that they are in a serious and urgent situation given that their rights to life and personal integrity face a risk of irreparable harm in Venezuela. According to the request, the proposed beneficiaries are being harassed by Venezuelan State security agents due to their political activity and affiliation with the opposition party “Vente Venezuela” in the country. For its part, the State did not provide information to the IACHR. Under these circumstances, based on Article 25 of the Rules of Procedure, the Commission requests that Venezuela:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries;
  2. ensure the corresponding measures to guarantee that they can continue to carry out their political participation activities without being subjected to threats, harassment, or acts of violence in the exercise thereof. In particular, the State must ensure that its agents respect the rights and personal integrity of the beneficiaries in accordance with the standards established by international human rights law, as well as in relation to acts of risk attributable to third parties;
  3. report on existing criminal investigations against them; exhibit the judicial arrest warrants that exist, if any; and allow them to have security guarantees in the development of the eventual investigations;
  4. consult and agree upon the measures to be adopted with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and
  5. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to this precautionary measure, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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Resolution No. 4/25
PM 1436-24 - Angélica Patricia Chavarría Altamirano, Nicaragua

On January 10, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of Angélica Patricia Chavarría Altamirano, after considering that she is in a serious and urgent situation presenting a risk of irreparable harm to her rights in Nicaragua. It was alleged that the beneficiary’s whereabouts have remained unknown as from her detention on May 19, 2024. It was alleged that police officers detained her and her partner, under house arrest, without the possibility of communicating. After the latter’s death in September 2024, her relatives have not been able to find her whereabouts or fate in Nicaragua. The state authorities have not provided official information about her whereabouts or her current state. The Commission also assessed that the State did not provide any information regarding the measures adopted to mitigate the beneficiary’s risk or regarding the actions taken to determine her whereabouts. Pursuant to Article 25 of the Rules of Procedure, the Commission requests that Nicaragua:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to determine the situation and whereabouts of the beneficiary, in order to protect her rights to life and personal integrity;
  2. detail if the beneficiary is in the custody of the State, the circumstances, and conditions of her detention. In particular, report on the place of her detention, and allow access to her legal representatives and family, as well as the necessary health care; and
  3. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged events that led to the adoption of this resolution, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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Resolution No. 3/25
PM 16-25 - Carlos José Correa Barros, Venezuela

On January 10, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of Carlos José Correa Barros, after considering that he is in a serious and urgent situation given that his rights to life and personal integrity face a risk of irreparable harm in Venezuela. According to the request, he is a human rights defender and executive director of the organization Espacio Público, who was allegedly detained on January 7, 2025, by security authorities of the State of Venezuela. His whereabouts are currently unknown. The State did not provide information to the IACHR. Under these circumstances, based on Article 25 of the Rules of Procedure, the Commission requests that Venezuela:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Carlos José Correa Barros. In particular, provide official information on whether he is in the custody of the State and the circumstances of his detention, or on the measures taken to determine his whereabouts or fate;
  2. implement the necessary measures so that the beneficiary can carry out his human rights defense activities without being subjected to threats, stigmatizing and disqualifying statements, harassment, or acts of violence;
  3. establish the necessary measures to ensure that the conditions of detention of the beneficiary are compatible with the applicable international standards on the matter, including:
    1. guaranteeing regular contact and access to his family members, his attorneys, and representatives;
    2. provide official information on the legal situation of the beneficiary in the framework of the criminal proceedings in which he is allegedly involved, such as the reasons why he has not been released to date, and whether he has been brought before a court for a review of his detention; and
    3. immediately carry out a medical assessment of his health situation and guarantee access to the necessary medical care;
  4. consult and agree upon the measures to be adopted with the beneficiary and his representatives; and
  5. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to this resolution, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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Resolution No. 2/25
PM 1438-24 - Alberto Trentini, Venezuela

On January 7, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of Alberto Trentini, considering that he is in a serious and urgent situation given that his rights to life and personal integrity face a risk of irreparable harm in Venezuela. According to the request, the proposed beneficiary is an Italian national and a humanitarian worker of the NGO “Humanity and Inclusion,” in Venezuela. He was detained on November 15, 2024, by Venezuelan authorities at the checkpoint of Guasdualito, Venezuela. Since that date, his whereabouts have been unknown. The State did not provide information to the IACHR. Therefore, pursuant to Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, it requests that Venezuela:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of the beneficiary. In particular, officially report whether he is in custody of the State and the circumstances of his detention; or else, the measures taken to determine his whereabouts or fate;
  2. establish the necessary measures to ensure that the beneficiary’s detention conditions are compatible with the applicable international standards on the matter, including:
    1. guaranteeing regular contact with and access to his family members, lawyers, and representatives, and allow the beneficiary to communicate with his country of nationality;
    2. officially report on the legal situation of the beneficiary in the framework of the criminal process in which he is said to be involved, as well as the reasons why he has not been released to date and if a court has reviewed his detention; and
    3. immediately carry out a medical evaluation of his health and guarantee access to the necessary medical care;
  3. consult and agree upon the measures to be adopted with the beneficiary and his representatives; and
  4. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that led to the adoption of this resolution, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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Resolution No. 1/25
PM 1432-24 - Nahuel Agustín Gallo, Venezuela

On January 1, 2025, the IACHR granted precautionary measures in favor of Nahuel Agustín Gallo after considering that he is in a serious and urgent situation, given that his rights to life and personal integrity face a risk of irreparable harm in Venezuela. According to the request, the proposed beneficiary is a First Corporal of the National Gendarmerie in Argentina, and was detained on December 8, 2024, at the Francisco de Paula Santander International Bridge, in Ureña, Venezuela. Since that date, his whereabouts, the conditions of his detention and state of health have been unknown. The State did not provide information to the IACHR. Consequently, based on Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, the Commission requests that Venezuela:

  1. adopt the necessary measures to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of the beneficiary. In particular,
    1. inform whether the beneficiary is in the custody of the State and the circumstances of his detention; or the measures taken to determine his whereabouts or fate;
    2. specify whether the beneficiary was brought before a competent court to review his detention if he has been charged with a crime;
    3. expressly indicate the court that reportedly hears his criminal case, if any, or the reasons why he has not been released to date;
    4. allow the beneficiary to communicate with his family and trusted legal representatives, giving them full access to his criminal file, if any; and
    5. allow the beneficiary to communicate with his country of nationality; and
  2. report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged events that led to the adoption of this precautionary measure, so as to prevent such events from reoccurring.

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